什么是哈利生

Harrison, William Henry

美国第九任总统（1841）。出身於维吉尼亚的一个政治世家。十八岁入伍，在鹿寨战役中担任韦恩将军的副官。1798年任西北地区的部长，1800年任新设的印第安纳准州州长。为了安抚白人移民的情绪，与印第安人签定条约，从其手中掠夺了数百万土地。1811年特库姆塞发动叛变，哈利生率领美军在蒂珀卡努战役中击溃他们。从此，美国人把他当作一个英雄人物。1812年战争爆发後，哈利生升为准将，在安大略的泰晤士河战役中击败英军及其印第安盟军。战後，他定居俄亥俄州，很快成为辉格党的显赫人物。历任美国众议院议员（1816～1819）、参议院议员（1825～1828）。1836年辉格党提名他为总统候选人，但竞选失败。1840年与泰勒搭档竞选总统，以宣传强调哈利生在开辟疆土方面的丰功伟绩，喊出口号：「Tippecanoe and Tyler too.」（即蒂珀卡努胜利，与泰勒合作也会胜利），因而竞选成功。1841年3月举行总统就职典礼时，正值春寒料峭，六十八岁的他脱掉帽子，不穿大衣发表就职演说，因而引起肺炎，一个月後去世，是美国第一个死於任上的总统。

1773～1841年

Harrison, William Henry

Ninth president of the U.S. (1841). Born in Charles City Co., Va., to a political family, he enlisted in the army at 18 and served under Anthony Wayne at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. In 1798 he became secretary of the Northwest Territories, and in 1800 governor of the new Indiana Territory. In response to pressure from white settlers, he negotiated treaties with the Indians that ceded millions of acres of additional land to the U.S. When Tecumseh organized an uprising in 1811, Harrison led a U.S. force to defeat the Indians at the Battle of Tippecanoe, a victory that largely established his reputation in the public mind. In the War of 1812 he was made a brigadier general and defeated the British and their Indian allies at the Battle of the Thames in Ontario. After the war he moved to Ohio, where he became prominent in the Whig Party. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1816-19) and Senate (1825-28). As the Whig candidate in the 1836 presidential election, he lost narrowly. In 1840 he and his running mate, John Tyler, won election with a slogan emphasizing Harrison's frontier triumph: “Tippecanoe and Tyler too.” The 68-year-old Harrison delivered his inaugural speech without a hat or overcoat in a cold drizzle, contracted pneumonia, and died one month later, the first president to die in office.