什么是陈独秀

Chen Duxiu，亦拼作Ch'en Tu-hsiu。

中国政治与思想界的领导者，中国共产党创始人。陈独秀年轻时曾留学日本，并在中国出版颠覆性的刊物，但旋遭政府取缔。中华民国肇建後，陈独秀於1915年创办月刊《青年杂志》，後改名为《新青年》。他在刊物上鼓吹中国青年应从智识与文化方面来让国家重获新生。鲁迅、胡适和毛泽东都曾在此刊物上发表文章。西元1917年，陈独秀被任命为北京大学文学院院长。西元1919年，他因为在五四运动中扮演积极角色而短暂入狱。在获释後，他投向马克思主义，并与李大钊於西元1920年创建中国共产党，因而被视为「中国的列宁」。当共产党与中国国民党的结盟宣告破裂後，共产国际撤除陈独秀作为党领导人的职位，并於1929年革除其党籍。陈独秀於1932年被捕，渡过了五年的牢狱岁月。

1879～1942年

Chen Duxiu

Chinese political and intellectual leader, cofounder of the Chinese Communist Party. As a young man, Chen studied in Japan. In China, he started subversive periodicals that were quickly suppressed by the government. In 1915, after the establishment of the Chinese Republic, he created the monthly Qingnian zazhi (“Youth Magazine”), renamed Xin qingnian (“New Youth”), in which he proposed that the youth of China rejuvenate the nation intellectually and culturally; Lu Xun, Hu Shi, and Mao Zedong were all contributors. In 1917 Chen was appointed dean of the School of Letters at Beijing University. In 1919 he was imprisoned briefly for his role in the May Fourth Movement; on his release he became a Marxist. With Li Dazhao he founded the Chinese Communist Party in 1920; he is regarded as “China's Lenin.” The Communist International had him removed as party leader when the party's alliance with the Nationalists (Guomindang) fell apart, and he was expelled from the party in 1929. Arrested in 1932, he spent five years in prison.